Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide.
Chlamydia is responsible for a significant proportion of genitourinary tract infections in adult
males and females, but like STIs in general, it is primarily a woman’s health care issue since the
manifestations and consequences are more damaging to the reproductive health of women than of
men. Acute C. trachomatis infection is easy to treat, but the majority of chlamydial infections
remain asymptomatic and untreated, and may lead to serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory
disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, infertility and chronic pelvic pain in women, as well
as conjunctivitis and respiratory tract infection in infants. The health-economic impact of C.
trachomatis infections may therefore be enormous. Vaccines are not yet available. Hence, health gain
and financial benefits can only be achieved by active case finding and treatment of C. trachomatis
infection, which can be done on an individual level or nationwide in a screening program.http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/20408/100611_Rours%2C%20Gerry%20Ingrid%20Jacqueline%20Gabrielle.pdf
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